Fire box for furnaces



- Feb. 19, 1929.

WITINESSES.'

. 1,702,482 E. F. OTT

FIRE BOX FOR FURNACES Filed July '1. 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INYVENTOR.Eda arm It" 01!.

Feb. 19, 1929. 1,702,482

E. F. OTT

FIRE BOX FOR FURNACB Filed July '7, 1923 v 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 4-2 40 4/ F4 I? WITNESSES. INVENTOR.

Edward if 022.

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Patented Feb. 19, 1929.

PATENT orricE."

EDWARD F. OIT, BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

FIRE BOX FOR FURNACES.

Application filed J'uly 7,

My invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in fireboxes for heating furnaces or boilers and more particularly f0 utilizingoil or hydrocarbons. 1

Another object is to furnish an improvement which can be installed incoal or wood bur ing furnacesby substituting my device for, or on thecoal crwood grate, as well as furnishing an improvement for newfurnaces.

Another object is to furnish an improvement in fire boxes whereby thehydrocarbon is more thoroughly atomized and more thoroughly consumed andthereby eliminating the smoke.

A further object is to furnish an improvementin fire boxes whereby theheat of combustion from the fuel is better distributed to all of theheating parts of the furnace.

A further object is to furnish an improvement in fire boxes whereby theheat of combustion is not dissipated to the floor or to the atmospheresurrounding the furnace.

With these objects in view, the invention consists of certain featuresof novelty in the construction, combination and arrangement of parts bywhlch the said ob ects and certain other objects which will hereinafterappear are attained, the invention being more par-' ticularly pointedout in the claims, it being understood that various changes may be madein the construction and arrangement of parts without departing from thespirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

1 am aware that burners have been introduced into furnaces and boilersfor the purpose of burning oil or hydrocarbons and that the grates havesometimes been replaced by a fire brick lining or brick built into thegrate, but as far as I know there has been no fire box improvementdevised which heretofore has so successfully consumed the hydrocarbon sointroduced or so successfully utilized the heat of combustion as in myimprovement.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein like symbols refer to like orcorresponding parts throughout the several views,

Figure 1, is a plan of an improved fire box shown in a furnace of thesteam heating type, below the line 1-1 of Fig.2 and constructedaccording to the present invention.

Fig. 2, is a sectional elevation on the center line 2-2 of Fig.1. 7

Fig. 3, is a vertical sectional elevation on line 33 of Figs. 1 and 2.

Fig. 1, is a central sectional elevation simi- 1923. Serial No. 650,130.

lar to Fig. 1 and of a modification of the present invention.

In the drawings, 1 is the furnace having iron or steel plates 2 and 13on the sides outside ofthe brickwork 3 and 12, and plates 21 and 13outside of the brickwork 20 at the front and 10 at the back. The furnaceproper is mounted on the brickwork mentioned and is adapted to holdwate'r'in front space 27, side spaces 28 and 15, back space 11 and tubes29 up to the line w-w, above which is the steam space 30 and steamoutlets 31.

37 and 38 are handhole plat-es covering openings into the heating's'paceof the furnace and 32 thechimney leading from said heating space.

39 is a concrete or brick floor on which the furnace rests and on thisfloor, but raised above it by individual bricks 34, which are spacedfrom each other by air spaces 36, is placed my fire box cons ruction 6.r This fire box is also spaced from the inside of the furnace by an airspace 9 at the back and side air spaces 1 and 16. This air spaceconstrue tion is provided to utilize all of the heat from the fire boxand convey it to thewater in the furnace without losing part of it tothe floor as in the usual construction, or to the brick work at the backand sides and so to the outside air as is done when the latter spacesare filled in with broken brick or sand or like material as is also theusual construction.

A damper 12 in the front is provided to introduce fresh air underneaththe fire box, as, and when needed, and furnish a means of circulation tocarry the heat from the bottom and up the sides and back to contact withthe inside surfaces of the furnace.

In my fire box construction, which is built preferably of refractorymaterial, the top is open except at 8 which forms a partial cover and somakes a combustion space 33 next to theback wall 7 35 is the floor of myfire box, 5 and 1 1 the sides and 19 the front.

with the cone shaped opening 26 is an air hole 25 to furnish thenecessary extra air for supporting the proper combustion of the mixtureof fuel oil introduced into the fire box from the burner This opening 25is shown as a fixed opening beneath the nozzle of the oil burner 23 butan adjustable damper can also be arranged at said opening to vary theamount of air introduced and said opening can also be arranged more orless symmetrically around the said nozzle.

Between the nozzle of the burner 23 and the combustion chamber 33 aremounted two firebrick battle plates 17, 17 placed at an angle to eachother so as to form a V-shaped construction with the point of the Vdirected toward said combustion chamber 33 and having a small opening 18between said plates at the point of the V.

Where a longer fire box than that shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is advisable amodification is desirable and is shown in Fig. 4. This latterconstruction in Fig. 4 is similar in every way to that shown in Figs. 1and 2 except that be tween the burner 23 and the baflle plates 17, 17 isintroduced another set of baffle plates which can be identical with 17,17 or a brick or similar construction 40 and having a cone shapedopening 41. This cone shaped opening 11 is widest toward the burner 23and tapers toward the second set of battle plates 17, 1?.

The operation of the fire box is as follows: The flame from the nozzleof the burner 23 is blown out into a blast which is smallest at thenozzle and gradually widens as it leaves the burner. This flame isprojected into the V- shape between the balfle plates 17, 17 and themain result is to deflect and compress it through the opening 18 and inso doing the side extremities or edges of the flame striking theincilned surfaces of said plates rebound back and forth toward thecenter of the flame. This retards part of the flame and contributes tothe better atomizing and more complete combustion of the globules of oilwhich are *arried in the flame stream. It also throws flame and heatupward and toward the front and top of the furnace so the front tubesare heated equally with the back tubes. This is a very decided advantagein this construction as it has been demonstrated the front tubes arehighly heated by the flame from these baflle plates while they remainconsiderably cooler than the back ones without the baffle plates. Thebafile plates become heated to a white heat and also radiate an intenseheat, to the inside surfaces of the furnace, from the outside surfacesas well as deflecting the flame from the inside of the V surfaces.

The center of the flame from the burner 23 passes through between thebattle plates and striking the inner walls of the combustion chamber 33atomizes and burns the oil fuel. The retarding, mixing and burning ofthe fuel between the battle plates 17, 17 burns up the retarded fuelthere in a very complete manner and any smoke from the stream whichpasses between the battle plates at 18 is completely consumed by thereflect-ed and rebounding flame from the combustion chamber 33. Thislatter flame after heating the combustion chamber 33 is projectedforward and upward to heat the water tubes. The combustion chamberradiates heat from its outside surfaces to the water spaces of theboiler while the air from underneath and around the sides and back takesup some heat which it again gives up to the boiler surfaces beforepassing out of the chimney 32.

The action of the fire box in the modification shown in Fig. described,i. e. if both sets of bafl'le plates were the same as 17, 17 flame wouldbe reflected and heat radiated from both sets, while if the constructionwas with a cone shaped opening ll in a baflie plate 10 the result wouldbe more to confine and direct the flame through to the second set ofbattle plates and the combustion in the cone 41 would heat up the baffleplate to a high heat than reflected.

I have demonstrated that my construction in using the bafile plates willburn oil much more efiiciently, with more complete combustion, givingoff more heat to the furnace and so keeping up a better steam pressurewith the same amount of fuel, and without smoke or l is similar to thatalready which would be more radiated soot deposit, than the sameconstruction without balile plates.

Having thus described my invention, what 1 claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent is:

1. A fire box for a furnace, said fire box having a covered rearchamber, said rear chamber open only forward into said fire box, aburner having a nozzle directed through an aperture in the front of saidfire box, whereby a supply of fuel may be discharged thereinto,

and a pair of baffle plates in said fire box independent of and in frontof said rear chamber, said bathe plates spaced apart and disposed at anangle to each other and in line with said nozzle, whereby fuel from saidnozzle may be discharged between said baffle plates and into said rearchamber.

2. A fire box for a furnace, comprising a bottom, two sides and frontand rear end walls, the rear portion of said box having a cover to formwithsaid rear and side walls a rear chamber open only forward into saidfire box, the front wall of said fire box in corn tact with the frontwall of said furnace, the bottom, sides and rear end of said fire boxseparated from the inside portions of said furnace, a burner having anozzle directed through an apertm'e in the front of said fire box andsaid furnace, and a pair of battle plates in said fire box between saidend walls, said baffle plates having a V-shaped opening between them inline with, and pointed way from, said directed nozzle.

3. A fire box for a furnace, comprising a bottom, two sides and frontand rear end walls, the rear portion of said box having a cover to formwith said rear and side walls a rear chamber, said rear chamber openonly forward into said fire box, said fire box located in said-furnaceand spaced from it at the bottom, sides and rear and with its front wallin contact with the front wall of said furnace, a burner having a nozzledirected through an aperture in the front of said fire box and saidfurnace, and a pair of baffle plates in said fire box independent ofsaid end Walls and in front of said rear chamber, said baffle platesspaced apart and disposed at an angle to each other to form a V-shapedopening in line with said nozzle, whereby fuel from said nozzle may beconcentrated and directed between said baflle plates and out through thepoint of 1soaid V-shaped opening into said rear cham- In testimonywhereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

EDWARD OTT.

